教师招聘考试英语语法汇总

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　　教师招聘考试英语特殊句式

　　预测一：强调句型的一般结构

　　强调句型的一般结构是 “It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他成分 ”，it 在句中无意义，

　　只起引出被强调部分的作用。

　　It was I that/ who didn’t realize all my mistakes until you told me yesterday. (强调主语)

　　预测二：强调句型的一般疑问句形式

　　强调句型一般疑问句形式：Is/ Was it + 被强调部分 + that/ who + 其他部分(用陈述语序);

　　例如：Was it Tom that won the first prize? 是 Tom 得了一等奖吗?

　　预测三：强调句型的特殊疑问句形式

　　强调句型的特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词 + is/was + it + that + 该句的其余部分，that 后只

　　能使用陈述语序。

　　例如：When was it that you met the pop star? 你是什么时候见到那个明星的?

　　预测四：“not...until” 形式

　　在 “not...until” 强调结构中，由 until 所引导的短语或从句作时间状语时，要用固定的强调

　　句型：It + is/was + not until... + that + 该句的其余部分，that所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。

　　例如：

　　It was not until you came back that I finished the work. 直到你回来我才完成工作。

　　预测五：强调句与从句的区别

　　(1)定语从句中 that 是充当从句的成分的，而在强调结构中，that 无任何意义，不可省略，

　　不可替换成 which。

　　It was on the street that he took a photo.(强调句，that 无意义，that 不可省略，不能替换成

　　which)他正是在这条街上拍了一张照片。

　　It was the street that he took a photo of.(定语从句，that 充当从句中 of 的宾语，that 可省略，

　　可替换成 which)他拍了一张这条街的照片。

　　(2)判断句子是否是强调句，可采用 “ 还原法 ”，即把 “It is/was...that/who” 去掉，如果

　　还原为一般句式后，句子各种成分完整，则是强调句，否则不是。主语从句中 it 作形式主语，

　　that 引导真正的主语从句，去掉 it be 和 that 后句式不完整。例如：

　　It is a fact that he is an honest man. (主语从句)事实是，他是一个诚实的人。

　　It is he that is an honest man. (强调句)他是一个诚实的人。

　　(3)出现 “it be +时间 ” 时，也可借助 “ 还原法 ” 区分句子是强调句还是时间状语从句。

　　It was eight o’clock when he came back. (时间状语从句)他回来的时候已经八点了。

　　It was at eight o’clock that he came back. (强调句)他八点回来的。

　　预测六：全部倒装

　　全部倒装是将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。常见的结构有：

　　(1)表示时间、地点、方位、运动方向的副词或介词词组置于句首。

　　① here，there，now，then，thus 等副词置于句首，当主语是名词不是代词时，谓语动词

　　常用 be，come，go，lie，run 等表示来去或状态的动词。例如：Here is your letter. 你的信。

　　②表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语为表示运动的动词。例如：

　　Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. 轰炸机底下发射出一枚导弹。

　　③表示地点的介词词组位于句首，谓语动词是 stand，sit，lie 等时，用完全倒装结构。例如：

　　At the meeting place of the Yangtze river and Jialing River lies Chongqing. 重庆位于长江和嘉陵江

　　交汇处。

　　(2)某些表语位于句首时需倒装，即 “ 表语 + 系动词 ”。例如：

　　Present are some famous teachers at the meeting. 出席会议的是一些名 师。

　　预测七：部分倒装

　　部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有

　　助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词 do，does 或 did，并将其置于主语之前。常见的结构有：

　　(1)否定或半否定的词语、否定结构置于句首，如 no，not，never，seldom，little，

　　hardly，at no time，in no way，not until...，Not only...but also，Hardly/Scarcely...when，No

　　sooner... than 等。例如：Never have I seen such a performance. 从未见过这样的表演。

　　Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.

　　直到孩子入睡，母亲才离开房间。

　　Not only did he refuse the gift, but he also severely criticized the sender.

　　他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批评了送礼的人。

　　Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.

　　她刚出门，就有个学生来访。

　　(2)so，neither，nor 表示 “ 也、也不 ” 的句子要部分倒装;表示 “ 的确如此 ” 句子不倒装。

　　例如：Tom can speak French and so can Jack. 汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。

　　—It is raining hard. 雨下得真大。

　　—So it is. 是呀。

　　(3)“Only +副词 / 介词短语 / 状语从句 ” 放在句首时倒装。例如：

　　Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 叫了三次，他才来参加会议。

　　预测八：状语从句中的省略

　　(1)省略主语和 be 动词：当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句谓语动词含有 be

　　动词时，可省略状语从句的主语和 be 动词。

　　例如：When (he was) young, he helped his parents do a lot of housework.

　　当他小的时候，他帮他父母做很多家务。

　　(2)省略 it 和 be：当从句的主语是 it，谓语动词是 be 动词时，可以把 it 和 be 动词一起省略。

　　此时构成 “ 连词(if，unless，when，whenever)+形容词 ” 的结构。

　　例如：Though (it was) cold, he still wore a shirt. 虽然天很冷，但他只穿了一件短袖。

　　(3)在 if so/not 省略句式中，用 so/not 代替上文的内容。

　　Get up early tomorrow. If not ( = If you don’t get up early), you will miss the early bus.

　　明天起早一点，要不然你就会错过早班车。

　　1. Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent ______ properly in this hospital.

　　______.

　　A. can be the patients treated

　　B. can the patients be treated

　　C. the patients can be treated

　　D. treated can be the patients

　　2. —How do you go to your office every day?

　　—Normally, I take the subway to work, ______ most of my colleagues.

　　A. so do

　　B. so does

　　C. as does

　　D. as do

　　3. —______ makes your son feel blue today?

　　—______ to watch his favorite cartoon Paw Patrol.

　　A. What it is that; To be forbidden

　　B. What is that; Forbidden

　　C. What is it that; Being forbidden

　　D. That is what; Having forbidden

　　4. Out ______, with a stick in his hand.

　　A. did he rush

　　B. rushed he

　　C. he rushed

　　D. he did rush

　　5. Only when you have obtained enough evidence ______ to a sound conclusion.

　　A. can you come

　　B. you can come

　　C. can come you

　　D. come can you

　　6. It was in a very beautiful place ______ interested us a lot ______ we held a birthday party for

　　our teacher.

　　A. where; which

　　B. that; which

　　C. that; that

　　D. /; that

　　7. It was at the bus stop ______ they met for the first time ______ they got to know each other

　　and became good friends.

　　A. that; that

　　B. where; that

　　C. which; when

　　D. where; when

　　8. —What made Alice so angry?

　　—______ in the rain for an hour.

　　A. She was kept waiting

　　B. Being kept to wait

　　C. Because of waiting

　　D. Being kept waiting

　　9. It is in the city ______ you’re going to pay a visit to ______ this kind of beer is produced.

　　A. 不填 ; that

　　B. where; that

　　C. 不填 ; where

　　D. that; which

　　10. —What made her mother so angry?

　　—______ the exam.

　　A. because she didn’t pass

　　B. Her not pass

　　C. That she didn’t pass

　　D. Because her no passing

　　11. Not until he retired from teaching three years ago ______ having a holiday abroad.

　　A. had he considered

　　B. he had considered

　　C. he considered

　　D. did he consider

　　12. The children wanted to swim in the river, but their mother told them ______.

　　A. not to do

　　B. not to

　　C. not do it

　　D. don’t

　　13. When ______ why he was late, he said he had missed the first bus.

　　A. asking

　　B. asked

　　C. to be asked

　　D. to ask

（编辑：阿正）